Best Vtol Aircraft - Silicon Valley's Transformative Vertical Flight Conference hosted a gathering of vertical takeoff and landing aircraft in January. Look here.
The Airbus vehicle, an electric vertical takeoff and landing (EVTOL) aircraft, made its first flight in 2018. It can carry a passenger for about 30 miles at a speed of 115 mph. Its wings are vertical during takeoff and landing and rotate horizontally during flight.
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The Kittyhawk Heaviside 2 is a single-passenger EVTOL air taxi designed to transport a passenger 60 to 100 miles in under an hour. It can reach maximum speed in 20 to 30 seconds. This model is the 13th model of the company. The unusual design uses eight propellers, two on small forward wings and six on a pair of large, mid-mounted, forward-swept wings.
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Transcend Air's Vy 400, shown here in fifth-size prototype form, is designed to transport people from city to city at altitudes of 18,000 to 20,000 feet starting in 2024.
The Transcend Air Vy 400 has a parallel tail rotor with variable pitch blades to keep the aircraft level during takeoff and landing.
Elroy Air's Chaparral VTOL is an autonomous aircraft designed to transport cargo, not passengers. It has a range of 300 miles and can carry up to 500 pounds in removable pods mounted on the underside. The company's mission is to speed up logistics so companies can offer same-day delivery worldwide. Here, CEO David Merrill introduces the machine at its debut.
Jaunt Air Mobility's electric VTOL, Jaunt Journey, combines fixed-wing aircraft and helicopter rotors. It is designed to carry four passengers 80 to 120 miles from 2026 at a top speed of 275 mph.
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Tier 1 Engineering has modified the Robinson R44 Raven II to produce an electric helicopter. The design is about 20% quieter and the goal is a one-hour flight time.
Tier 1 Engineering uses the helicopter's existing airframe, but replaces its traditional engine with an electric motor, shown here at upper left, and a battery mounted under the belly of the aircraft in the company logo area.
Some VTOL aircraft rotate the entire wing from vertical to horizontal, but the Kittyhawk Heaviside 2 only rotates its eight propellers.
The Air Force Research Laboratory has confirmed that the Kittyhawk Heaviside 2 is seaworthy in 2021. Startup Kittyhawk has tested it for use in medical evacuations.
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The Kittyhawk Heaviside 2 is a flying taxi designed to carry one person, requiring no more knowledge of flying than the average taxi passenger needs to know of driving cars.
The Blackfly Opener, shown here at the Hiller Air Museum, is an eight-propeller EVTOL that first flew in 2011. Unlike many EVTOLs, its wings and propellers do not rotate. Instead, the aircraft body moves from a tilted orientation to a more upright orientation during takeoff and flight. This model has a range of 40 miles and a top speed of 80 mph.
The Kittyhawk Flyer, a single-passenger EVTOL with a payload capacity of 200 pounds, can take off on land or water. It has 10 propellers, a range of 6 miles and a top speed of 30 mph. Kittyhawk has stopped developing the 2020 model.
Airbus' Vahan EVTOL's best days are behind it as the aerospace giant wraps up its experimental work and moves on to newer models.
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The Airbus Vahana EVTOL is an experimental aircraft with some autonomous capabilities to avoid obstacles in the air or on the ground.
You can't miss the best TV and streaming shows of 2023 on Netflix, HBO, Disney Plus and more 62 Photos Engineers have spent decades trying to create an airplane that combines the best features of helicopters and airplanes. As a result, a variety of vertical takeoffs and landings were devised, some more successful than others.
Both airplanes and helicopters offer impressive capabilities, but in at least some cases they are mutually exclusive. Helicopters are capable of vertical take off and landing (VTOL) and hover. This means they can operate almost anywhere, regardless of airports. Airplanes can't do that because they need runways. But they can carry much more cargo and fly much faster than any helicopter.
Wouldn't it be great to combine the capabilities of these two categories of aircraft? The idea is not new. Since at least the 1950s, aerospace engineers have been working on this problem. To date, only a few aircraft have achieved this.
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Here's a look at what's involved in getting an airplane to lift off the ground vertically and move through the air. So far only four planes have made the cut, and each has solved engineering problems differently.
The engineering that goes into making a hovercraft is actually quite complex. Airplanes, by definition, require airflow over their fixed wings to create lift. When an airplane is moving, it has no forward speed, so its wings cannot create lift.
How can you make the plane hover? Designers and manufacturers have been experimenting with different methods for decades.
Helicopters are an obvious solution. They are a tried and true technology that enables vertical take off and landing (VTOL) and hover. A helicopter achieves this by producing lift with rotating rotors instead of fixed wings.
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However, helicopters have several disadvantages. They cannot carry much cargo and cannot fly very fast. In fact, modern helicopters are limited to a top speed of about 200 knots, which is far less than desirable for a fighter/interceptor.
So space designers were faced with a challenge – how could they create an aircraft as powerful and fast as a modern fighter jet, but with the advantage of being able to take off and land vertically?
This is a significant challenge, as the ability to operate an aircraft from anywhere opens up many more possible operations.
It should be noted that some aircraft on this list are not always capable of vertical takeoff and landing in all conditions.
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Many methods have been tried to make a plane (or at least a plane-like one) hover. The idea is basic - use engine power to lift yourself vertically off the ground, then when you're at a safe altitude, switch to using the engine for forward thrust and the wings for lift. It allows you to fly at airplane speed while cruising while achieving vertical takeoffs and landings.
Ryan's aircraft experimented with the so-called "tail-sitter". The pilot sits vertically on the runway of this plane, facing the sky like a rocket before launch. Ryan is gone and neither are the companions.
Controlling exhaust and engine thrust is a good way to achieve vertical lift. If the engine is running at full power and produces more thrust than the weight of a fully loaded aircraft, it should have enough power to lift the aircraft off the ground.
The problem with this approach is that it is expensive to create and difficult to fly. However, some successful "jump-jet" designs have been performed brilliantly.
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A modern take on a jump-jet is a jet with vertical lift fans that provide some downward thrust. Combined with a ducted exhaust, this can create the lift needed for ground clearance in a somewhat simplified form.
Finally, there are models designed to rotate the entire engine. For takeoff and landing, the engines are vertical. For normal flight, the engines rotate to a horizontal position.
The Harrier family of aircraft are commonly known as jump jets. It's easy to underestimate the Harrier's importance on this list. If it wasn't for Harrier, the list wouldn't exist at all. Of all the wild and crazy ideas that engineers came up with, the Harrier stood out.
The Harrier first entered service in 1969 and is still used by some carriers today. They are used by the US Marine Corps, as well as others. But its primary users, the UK's Royal Air Force and Royal Navy, have retired their aging fleet of Harriers.
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For all its impressive figures, the Harrier's design is now quite old. During their lifetime, they have undergone incredible wear and tear, requiring a lot of maintenance and high maintenance costs. They also challenged pilots to fly.
Hawker Siddeley and British Aerospace built the first generation Harriers. The craft was called the AV-8A Harrier and was operated by the Royal Air Force and the US Marine Corps. The Sea Harrier is a derivative version designed for use by the Royal Navy and the Indian Navy.
In the 1980s, McDonnell Douglas produced the second generation Harrier, the AV-8B, in the United States. When Boeing bought McDonnell Douglas, Hawker came under that company's umbrella.
Functionally, the Harrier uses a single Rolls-Royce turbine engine with four vectored nozzles that can move slightly forward from horizontal to vertical (98 degrees). The ability to turn the nozzles slightly forward means that the Harrier can move backwards while hovering.
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During their more than forty years of service, 824 Harriers were delivered, making it a very popular and successful aircraft to fly.
Another way to lift the plane vertically off the ground is to move the entire engine. The best working example of this
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